AQSH H-1B ishchi vizasi uchun 100 ming dollarlik to‘lov joriy qildi

AQSh prezidenti Donald Tramp malakali xorijiy ishchilar uchun H-1B vizasi dasturiga ariza topshiruvchilar uchun 100 ming dollar (£74 ming) to‘lov joriy etadigan farmonni imzoladi.

Trampning farmonida dasturdan “suiste’mol” qilish tilga olingan va to‘lov amalga oshirilmasa, kirish cheklanadi.

Tanqidchilar uzoq vaqtdan beri H-1B vizalari amerikalik ishchilarga raqobat tug‘dirishini aytib kelishadi, tarafdorlar esa — jumladan milliarder Elon Mask — bu dastur AQShga dunyoning eng iqtidorli mutaxassislarini jalb qilishga imkon beradi, deya ta’kidlashadi.

Yana bir farmonda Tramp ayrim muhojirlar uchun vizalarni tezlashtirish maqsadida £1 milliondan boshlanadigan to‘lov evaziga yangi “oltin karta”ni ta’sis etdi.

Trampning farmoni 21-sentyabr kuni kuchga kirishi rejalashtirilgan. U faqat yangi so‘rovlar uchun amal qiladi. AQSh Savdo vaziri Xovard Lutnik avvaliga kompaniyalar olti yil davomida har yili bu to‘lovni to‘lashlari kerak bo‘ladi, degan edi.

“Endi kompaniya qaror qilishi kerak… xodim davlatga yiliga 100 ming dollar to‘lashga arzigulikmi yoki ular uyiga qaytib, amerikalikni yollashlari kerakmi,” dedi u va qo‘shimcha qildi: “Yirik kompaniyalarning barchasi bunga rozi.”

Keyinchalik, Oq uy matbuot kotibi Karolin Leavitt ijtimoiy tarmoqlarda 100 ming dollarlik to‘lov bir martalik bo‘lishini xabar qildi.

Oq uy vakili Abigayl Jekson esa CBS News (BBCning AQShdagi hamkori)ga bergan izohida bu to‘lov “joriy vizaga ega bo‘lganlarga taalluqli emas”ligini va “faqatgina hozirda AQShdan tashqarida bo‘lganlar orasida 2026-yil fevral lotereyasida ishtirok etuvchi kelgusidagi nomzodlarga tegishli bo‘lishini” ta’kidladi. U qo‘shimcha qildi: “2025-yilgi lotereyada ishtirok etganlarga bu amal qilmaydi.”

“Farmon hech qanday amaldagi viza egasining AQShga kirib-chiqish imkoniyatiga ta’sir qilmaydi,” dedi Jekson.

2004-yildan buyon H-1B arizalari soni yiliga 85 ming bilan cheklanib kelmoqda.

Hozirgacha H-1B vizalariga turli ma’muriy yig‘imlar qo‘shilib, umumiy hisobda 1 500 dollar atrofida to‘lov bo‘lgan.

AQSh Fuqarolik va Immigratsiya xizmati (USCIS) ma’lumotlariga ko‘ra, keyingi moliyaviy yil uchun H-1B vizalariga arizalar 359 ming atrofida bo‘lib, bu so‘nggi to‘rt yil ichidagi eng past ko‘rsatkichdir.

Hukumat statistikalariga ko‘ra, o‘tgan moliyaviy yilda dasturdan eng katta foyda olgan kompaniya Amazon bo‘lgan, undan keyin Tata, Microsoft, Meta, Apple va Google kabi texnologiya gigantlari kelgan.

Juma kuni kechqurun Amazon AQShda bo‘lgan H-1B vizasiga ega xodimlariga o‘sha yerda qolishni tavsiya qildi.

Business Insider ko‘rgan ichki xabarnomaga ko‘ra, kompaniya chet elda bo‘lganlarga imkon bo‘lsa, “ertangi muddatdan oldin qaytishga harakat qilishni” tavsiya qilgan.

Muddatdan oldin qaytib kela olmaganlar esa AQShga qayta kirishga urinmasliklari kerakligi, “keyingi ko‘rsatmalar berilmaguncha kutishlari lozimligi” aytilgan.

Shu bilan birga, Hindistonning yetakchi savdo uyushmasi Nasscom farmon borasida tashvish bildirar ekan, bir kunlik muddat butun dunyo bo‘ylab biznes, mutaxassislar va talabalar uchun “jiddiy noaniqlik” yaratganini bildirdi.


 

Trump's order is due to come into force on 21 September. It would only apply to new requests. The US Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick originally said companies would have to pay the fee each year for six years.

"The company needs to decide... is the person valuable enough to have a $100,000-a-year payment to the government, or they should head home, and they should go hire an American," he said, adding: "All of the big companies are on board."

Later, White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt went on social media to report that the $100,000 fee would be a one-time payment.

White House spokesperson Abigail Jackson clarified to CBS News, the BBC's news partner in the US, that the fee "does not apply to anyone who has a current visa," and "only applies to future applicants in the February [2026] lottery who are currently outside the US It does not apply to anyone who participated in the 2025 lottery".

"The Proclamation does not impact the ability of any current visa holder to travel to/from the US," Jackson said.

Since 2004, the number of H-1B applications has been capped at 85,000 per year.

Until now, H-1B visas have carried various administrative fees totalling around $1,500.

Data from US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) shows that applications for H-1B visas for the next fiscal year fell to about 359,000 - a four-year low.

The greatest beneficiary of the programme the previous fiscal year was Amazon, followed by tech giants Tata, Microsoft, Meta, Apple and Google, according to government statistics.

Late on Friday, Amazon told employees with H-1B visas who were already in the US to remain there.

According to an internal advisory, seen by Business Insider, the company said those abroad should "try to return before tomorrow's deadline if possible".

Anyone unable to make it back before the order takes effect should avoid attempting US re-entry "until further guidance is provided", the company is also quoted as saying.

Meanwhile, India's leading trade body Nasscom said it was concerned by the edict - and that the one-day deadline created "considerable uncertainty for businesses, professionals, and students across the world".


manba: bbc.com
source: bbc.com